Chapter 2
The United States and Canada
Shaped By HistorySection 2: Growth, Settlement, and Civil War in the United States
A. As You Read
Directions: As you read Section 2, fill in the table below with information about growth and settlement in the United States. Under each main idea, write two supporting details.
The United States grew both in lands and industrial development during he first half of the 1800's.
1. With the Louisiana Purchase, the United States doubled its size; indigenous people were forced from their land; the Southwest became a territory of the United States.
2. Many people, including immigrants, went to cities in the Northeast to work in factories; the Industrial Revolution helped to create many new jobs.
The Civil War resulted from conflicts over power and slavery and tore the nation apart.
3. Cotton became a more profitable crop because of the cotton gin, and required many workers; Southern plantation owners wanted to expand slavery into new western states; Northern abolitionists objected; conflict turned into war.
4. The North had more resources, while the South had a better army; the Civil War lasted four years; the North won in 1865; after the war came Reconstruction, a period during which the nation tried to rebuild; conflicts continued about how the South should be governed.
B. Reviewing Key Terms
Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, write the definitions for the following key terms.
5. Louisiana Purchase The purchase from France by the United States of all the land between the Mississippi River and the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains
6. Manifest Destiny A belief that Americans were fated to own all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
7. immigrant A person who moves from one country to another
8. Industrial Revolution The change from making goods by hand to making them with machines
9. abolitionist A person who wanted to end slavery
10. Civil War The war between the Northern states and the Confederacy (1861-1865)
11. Reconstruction A plan for the rebuilding of the nation that was put into effect after the Civil War
12. segregate To separate; in the South, keeping black and white people separate