UNIT 9
INDUSTRY IN NEW JERSEY
Grade 4: SOCIAL STUDIES:
STUDY GUIDES
1. What does the word "industry"
mean? (Pages 154-155)
Industry means the work that people do. It is a business that provides a product
or service.
2. Name 6 important types of industry in New Jersey. (Pages 154-155)
1. Manufacturing - the making of products by hand or machine.
2. Research
3. Farm
4. Tourist
5. Entertainment
6. Service
3. Businesses that do not make a product are part of what is called the
service industry. (Pages 154-155)
4. Why did some people prefer to sell their goods rather than trade? (Pages
156-157)
People prefered to sell in order to get money. Money allowed them to buy whatever
they wanted.
5. Name two regions of New Jersey where the iron industry grew to importance.
(Pages 156-157)
The New Jersey Highlands and the Southern New Jersey Pine Barrens.
6. Caspar Wistar began New Jersey's glass industry in
Salem County, in the year 1739. What ingredient needed
for this industry is plentiful in southern New Jersey? (Pages 156-157) pure
sharp sand
7. Why was Paterson chosen to become a manufacturing center? (Pages 158-159)
Paterson was established in 1791 because many of our nation's leaders believed
that the United States must manufacture more of its own products. Paterson had
a nearby 70 foot-high falls that could supply water power.
8. By 1860, many of New Jersey's people no longer worked on farms, instead they found jobs in factories. (Pages 158-159)
9. What were some of the factors that allowed large industries to develop
in New Jersey? (Pages 158-159)
New Jersey had:
1. sources of water power to run the factories
2. transportation routes
3. large labor force
4. ability to adapt to new changes in industry
10. List 5 contributions of Seth Boyden. (Pages 160-161)
1. patent leather
2. malleable iron
3. first locomotive that could climb hills
4. helped make telegraph work
5. lenses for telescope
6. experimental strawberries
11. Name three products manufactured in New Jersey between 1830 and 1860.
(Pages 160-161)
1. cotton, silk mills - Paterson
2. rubber - New Brunswick
3. iron beams - Trenton
12. Where did Thomas Edison set up his famous invention workshops? (Pages
162-163)
Menlo Park - the world's first research laboratory
West Orange - moved in 1887
13. What did Thomas Edison promise to produce at his research laboratory?
(Pages 162-163)
Thomas Edison promised to produce a major invention every six months.
14. Why were Edison's electrical inventions important to the growth of
industry? (Pages 162-163)
Prior to Edison's work with electricity people believed that few factories
would be built because there was little space left beside railroad tracks. Electricity
freed industry from coal and from railroads. Factories could be built anywhere.
15. Name 5 inventions of Thomas Edison. (Pages 162-163)
1. phonograph
2. world's first successful electric lamp
3. a method to get electrical power into homes
4. meter to measure electrical use, switches
5. first movie studio - Black Maria
16. List three facts about New Jersey's manufacturing industry between
the years 1880 and 1960. (Pages 164-165)
1. Factories were in the era of their greatest production.
2. Most factories were located near cities, close to where the workers lived.
3. Factories employed great nembers of immigrants.
17. Around 1960, the number of factories in New Jersey began to decrease.
List three reasons why. (Pages 164-165)
1. Some industries moved to other parts of the country to attract cheaper wages
2. Strict laws were passed to control air and water pollution.
3. Distant countries paid lower wages to workers.
18. Name 10 products made in New Jersey. (Pages 166-167)
Accept any reasonable answer
19. New Jersey is FIRST in making medicine
New Jersey is second in producing chemicals
(Pages 166-167)
20. What is a "research facility?" (Pages 168-169)
A research facility is an industrial laboratory where research and development
is done by scientists.
21. What is experimented with in pharmaceutical laboratories? (Pages
168-169)
Medicines and vitamins are experimented with in pharmaceutical laboratories.
Other Resources:
Thomas Alva Edison: Inventor Hall of Fame Profile
Edison National Historic Site: West Orange, New Jersey
Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Inventors and Inventions
Women Inventors of the 20th Century
Ringwood, New Jersey: Early Iron Industry
Locust Grove: The Samuel Morse Historic Site
New Jersey: Fast Facts and Trivia